The main route by which dogs contract Leptospirosis by exposure to infected urine or areas contaminated by infected urine. Leptospirosis is a zoonosis, which means it can also affect humans, typically symptoms are flu like, but kidney damage, liver damage and abortion in early pregnancy can also occur. Given that, currently, vaccination is available to protect against up to 4 strains of Leptospirosis, it is concerning that in an owner survey this year only 62-75% of dog owners report their dog had their primary vaccinations, 63-74% received regular, 12 monthly vaccinations (PDSA PAW report). With the vaccines we use at Holmer Vet Surgery boosters are required every 3rd year against other life threatening diseases including canine distemper, hepatitis and parvovirus. We advise owners to check the vaccination status of their pet to ensure they are protected. Keeping the vaccinations of your pet/s up to date not only helps protect a pet as an individual, but also helps towards maintaining a good herd immunity, reducing the incidence of disease within the dog population as a whole.